Biomedical Engineering / Blood Rheology Casson Model
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LABORATORY 27 · BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

Non-Newtonian Blood Rheology & Casson Fluid Model Cone-and-Plate Viscometry

Determine the Casson asymptotic plastic viscosity μ_c and yield stress τ_y of whole human blood across low-to-medium shear rates using cone-and-plate rheometry. Explore interactive physiological instrumentation simulation, biomechanics, and biomedical engineering telemetry.

BIOINSTRUMENTATION · BIOSIGNALS · BIOMECHANICS · IMAGING

Your virtual biomedical engineering laboratory.

MEASURED SHEAR STRESS Τ—
PHYSIOLOGICAL & TEST CELL TELEMETRY

Ready to sample with Shear Rate γ̇ = 64.0 s⁻¹.

64.0 s⁻¹
Fluid: Human whole blood (Hct = 45%, EDTA anticoagulated)

Adjust Shear Rate γ̇, then execute biomedical trial.

Biomedical engineering telemetry and physiological states are evaluated rigorously using 64-bit IEEE 754 precision. Residuals reflect ordinary least-squares regression across successive observations. Continuous data structures support high-fidelity biological and physiological modeling.

Biomedical assumptions and boundary condition limits

The Casson model is an empirical continuum approximation; it applies across 10 to 300 s⁻¹ but does not capture zero-shear viscoelasticity. Evaluated on anti-coagulated human whole blood (Hct = 45%, EDTA treated) at 37.0 °C in a titanium cone-and-plate rheometer (cone angle θ = 1.0°, diameter 60 mm). Standard shear rates γ̇ = 16, 36, 64, 100, 144, 196 s⁻¹ correspond to √γ̇ = 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 s⁻⁰·⁵. Casson slope √μ_c = 0.0620 Pa⁰·⁵·s⁰·⁵ (asymptotic viscosity μ_c = 0.00384 Pa·s = 3.84 cP) with yield root √τ_y = 0.1800 Pa⁰·⁵ (yield stress τ_y = 0.0324 Pa).

Biomedical apparatus & physiological sensors.

Precision Controlled-Stress Cone-and-Plate Rheometer

Applies controlled angular velocity and measures torque with micro-Newton-meter magnetic bearing.

Titanium Rheometer Cone (diameter 60 mm, cone angle 1.0°)

Generates strictly uniform shear rate γ̇ = ω / tan(θ) throughout the entire measurement fluid volume.

Peltier Thermoelectric Temperature Control Plate (37.0 ± 0.05 °C)

Maintains physiological temperature preventing blood viscosity thermal artifacts.

Anti-Evaporation Solvent Trap with Humidified Ring

Prevents plasma water evaporation and blood drying during multi-point shear sweeps.

Pre-Analytical Blood Roller Mixer

Maintains uniform erythrocyte resuspension prior to pipetting into the rheometer gap.

High-Precision Micro-Pipettor (500 μL)

Delivers exact sample volume (0.50 mL) to perfectly fill the cone-plate truncation gap.

FOLLOW THE METHOD

A reason behind every step.

Determine the Casson asymptotic plastic viscosity μ_c and yield stress τ_y of whole human blood across low-to-medium shear rates using cone-and-plate rheometry. Standardized parameter settings: 16.0, 36.0, 64.0, 100.0, 144.0, 196.0 s⁻¹.

01

Blood Specimen Resuspension and Hematocrit Verification

Mix EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood on roller mixer for 10 minutes; verify standard hematocrit (Hct = 45 ± 1%) via microhematocrit centrifuge.

02

Peltier Plate Thermal Stabilization

Set rheometer Peltier bottom plate to exactly 37.0 °C and allow 15 minutes for thermal equilibrium.

03

Zero Gap Calibration and Specimen Loading

Zero the normal force and calibrate the mechanical contact gap; pipette exactly 500 μL of blood onto the plate center and lower cone to truncation height (50 μm).

04

Solvent Trap Placement and High-Shear Preshear

Engage the humidified solvent trap and apply a 30-second preshear at 300 s⁻¹ to completely disperse pre-existing rouleaux aggregates.

05

Stepwise Shear Rate Sweep

Step through shear rates γ̇ = 16, 36, 64, 100, 144, and 196 s⁻¹, holding each step for 15 seconds to achieve steady torque before recording shear stress τ.

06

Casson Linearized Coordinate Regression

Compute √γ̇ and √τ, plot √τ versus √γ̇, and extract Casson asymptotic viscosity root √μ_c from the slope and yield stress root √τ_y from the y-intercept.

YOUR NOTEBOOK · 0 OBSERVATIONS

Turn measurements into biomedical engineering insight.

See a complete example report ↗

Points are your recorded observations. The solid regression line validates Blood Rheology Casson Model mathematical scaling.

LINEAR REGRESSION FIT · y = mx + b
√τ = √μ_c · √γ̇ + √τ_y = 0.0620 · √γ̇ + 0.1800
#Fluid Shear Rate γ̇ (s⁻¹)Measured Shear Stress τ (Pa)Square root of shear rate √γ̇ (s⁻⁰·⁵)Square root of shear stress √τ (Pa⁰·⁵)Remove

No readings yet. Execute a biomedical trial and record it.

Calculate it yourself.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Explain what the biomedical metrics mean.

What happens to the apparent viscosity of whole human blood as shear rate increases from 10 to 200 s⁻¹?

Which mathematical equation is the clinical standard for modeling non-Newtonian blood rheology?

If √γ̇ = 10.0 s⁻⁰·⁵ produces √τ = 0.8000 Pa⁰·⁵ and the y-intercept is 0.1800 Pa⁰·⁵, what is √μ_c?

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for bridging red blood cells into rouleaux aggregates?