Agricultural Engineering / Spray Nozzle Patternation
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LABORATORY 07 · AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Hydraulic Spray Nozzle Discharge, Droplet VMD & Patternation Uniformity

Measure the liquid discharge rate and patternation uniformity of an agricultural hydraulic flat-fan spray nozzle across varying operating pressures using a patterned patternator table. Explore interactive farm machinery simulation, irrigation hydraulics, and agricultural engineering telemetry.

FARM MACHINERY · SOIL & WATER · POST-HARVEST · STRUCTURES

Your virtual agricultural engineering laboratory.

NOZZLE LIQUID DISCHARGE Q—
FIELD & TEST CELL TELEMETRY

Ready to sample with √Pressure = 1.6 bar^0.5.

1.6 bar^0.5
Nozzle type: ISO 110-02 Extended Range

Adjust √Pressure, then execute agricultural trial.

Agricultural engineering telemetry and biosystems states are evaluated rigorously using 64-bit IEEE 754 precision. Residuals reflect ordinary least-squares regression across successive observations. Continuous data structures support high-fidelity agricultural and environmental modeling.

Agricultural assumptions and boundary condition limits

Water calibration curves differ slightly from commercial pesticide tank mixes containing surfactants, adjuvants, or crop oils that alter surface tension and viscosity. Evaluated using standard ISO 110-02 flat-fan brass nozzle spraying clean water at 20°C across pressures from 1.0 to 6.25 bar (√P from 1.0 to 2.5 bar^0.5).

Agricultural apparatus & field instrumentation sensors.

Agricultural Spray Nozzle Test Bench

Closed-circuit pump system with pressure regulator, pulsation damper, and boom height adjustment.

Standard ISO 110-02 Extended Range Flat-Fan Nozzle

Industry standard 110° fan angle hydraulic atomizing nozzle.

Patternator Grooved Table & Manometer Tubes

Collects transverse spray liquid in 2.5 cm channels across a 1.5 m swath width.

Digital Calibrated Pressure Transducer

Measures nozzle inlet hydrostatic pressure with 0.01 bar precision.

Electronic Volumetric Cylinder & Balance

Measures total timed nozzle liquid discharge with 1.0 mL accuracy.

Laser Diffraction Droplet Size Analyzer

Records droplet spectrum, VMD (D_v0.5), and driftable fine fraction (< 105 μm).

FOLLOW THE METHOD

A reason behind every step.

Measure the liquid discharge rate and patternation uniformity of an agricultural hydraulic flat-fan spray nozzle across varying operating pressures using a patterned patternator table. Standardized parameter settings: 1.0, 1.3, 1.6, 1.9, 2.2, 2.5 bar^0.5.

01

Nozzle Mounting & Boom Alignment

Mount the ISO 110-02 nozzle on the test boom at exactly 50 cm height above the patternator table, aligning the spray fan at a 5° angle to the boom axis to prevent interference.

02

Pressure Stabilization

Start the diaphragm pump, bleeding all air from the boom line, and adjust the pressure relief valve to initial pressure P = 1.00 bar (√P = 1.00 bar^0.5).

03

Timed Discharge Measurement

Collect the full nozzle discharge in a graduated cylinder over exactly 60 seconds, recording the total volume Q (L/min) on the digital balance.

04

Patternator Volume Logging

Allow spray to drain into the patternator graduated tubes for 2.0 minutes, recording the liquid height in each channel to plot the transverse distribution profile.

05

Pressure Stepping

Increase operating pressure across five additional increments up to 6.25 bar (√P = 1.3, 1.6, 1.9, 2.2, 2.5 bar^0.5), repeating discharge and droplet VMD scans.

06

Flow Coefficient Extraction

Plot discharge Q against √P, perform linear regression to determine nozzle flow coefficient C_n, and evaluate the pressure-droplet size trade-off.

YOUR NOTEBOOK · 0 OBSERVATIONS

Turn measurements into agricultural engineering insight.

See a complete example report ↗

Points are your recorded observations. The solid regression line validates Spray Nozzle Patternation mathematical scaling.

LINEAR REGRESSION FIT · y = mx + b
Q = C_n · √P = 0.8500 · √P
#Square Root of Pressure √P (bar^0.5)Nozzle Liquid Discharge Q (L/min)Square root of pressure √P (bar^0.5)Liquid discharge Q (L/min)Remove

No readings yet. Execute an agricultural trial and record it.

Calculate it yourself.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Explain what the agricultural metrics mean.

If nozzle pressure increases by a factor of 4 (from 1 bar to 4 bar), how does flow rate change?

Which droplet size category is most susceptible to airborne spray drift?

What ISO nozzle color code corresponds to an ISO 02 nozzle (0.2 gallons/min at 40 psi)?

For an ISO 110° nozzle spaced at 50 cm along the boom, what is the standard recommended boom height?